فصلنامه پژوهش های جغرافیایی برنامه ریزی شهری
سال هفتم شماره 2 (تابستان 1398)

Urban rehabilitation and renovation approaches in the evolution trend are considered from urban reconstruction to urban regeneration. Urban regeneration is a comprehensive, integrated, and holistic approach, which According to the social, economic, environmental dimensions. In the classifying of urban regeneration, community-led urban regeneration is located, which proposes new forms of community intervention and participation of urban regeneration and this method represents potentials for valuable capacity and grassroots knowledge. The aim of community-led urban regeneration is enabling of communities with Social, economic, environmental stagnation to reconstruct their communities. The Akhund neighborhood in Qazvin city is one of the historical neighborhoods in this city, which there are inappropriate conditions in dimensions of economic, socio-cultural, physical, environmental, and management-institutional. Therefore, the aim of this research is the representation of plans and strategies based on community-led urban regeneration principles to remove neighborhood problems. Research methodology of this study is descriptive-analytic with a practical goal. The data has been gathered with library-document and field studies. In this research, a six-step model is presented for community-led urban regeneration in this neighborhood, and finally, strategies, policies, and actions are proposed in all dimensions of economic, socio-cultural, physical, environmental, and management-institutional in the form of comprehensive and integrated to improve neighborhood conditions. The predominant strategies were mainly based on informing, educating, enabling and capacity building of residents and managers, participation and utilization of various types of community assets and capitals in the field of rehabilitation and renovation and revival of the historical and residential identity of the neighborhood.

Following the appearance of unpleasant consequences of sprawl, smart growth policies have known as solutions compatible with sustainable development globally. In addition, making capacity and assess people's capacity is required to achieve sustainable development. Encourage the cooperation of the community and stakeholders principle suggests to do surveys to increase citizen involvement in solving urban problems. The aim of this study is to investigate the social capacity of 10 areas of Kashan in accepting the ten principles of smart growth. The Principles of smart growth compound and its acceptability has compared in the form of a policy in 10 areas and then regions differences have been surveyed in accepting principles. Then more detailed examination in each area has been discussed in terms of social capacity for accepting each principle. This study is applied. To achieve the required information have been used library studies, questionnaires, publications and conferences articles.the questionnaire data in five Likert scale have analyzed using SPSS software and maps have been made using Geographic Information System software. The statistical society is household that is living in Kashan city (66731 household).the total number of samples are obtained 320 by using Cocran formula.the results indicate in generally ,although there is not significant difference in the principles of smart growth in the areas of the city, examining each principle in the area of Kashan show social capacity in areas are different in six principles of smart growth.

Urban green space is one of the most important elements of urban landscape. Meanwhile residential complexes are one of the important potentials for green spaces in cities. These complexes play an important role in providing the per capita needed of the inhabitants. These complexes don’t have the same capability to provide green space due to their features such as location, area and etc. and in this respect some are desirable and some are undesirable. The purpose of this descriptive-analytical research is to rank residential complexes in Rasht in terms of green space. Field study was done after documentary studies and the information needed was obtained through surveys, questionnaires and interviews to reach the goal. The AHP method was used to rank the residential complexes in term of green space and Spearman test was used to test the research hypothesis using SPSS software. The results show that Gas and Bahor residential complexes with the weight of 0.54 have the highest score and are in the first place in terms of green space desirability. Atlas, Pasargad, Shaghayegh, Bahonar and Sefidrood residential complexes have the lowest rating and the last rank. Spearman test results also show a significant relationship between the area and rank of residential complexes in terms of green space; that is to say, with the increase in the area of residential complexes, their rank of green space is also increasing. This means that with the increase in the area of residential complexes, their rank of green space will also increase

It can be stated that the right to health is one of the most basic and most important rights of citizens in the city, as it has been emphasized by numerous reports, charters, laws, approaches and world theories. The right to urban health stipulates that everyone with any attribute, attitude, socio-economic status or location of residence is entitled to full physical, mental and social health as well as the determinants of health including proper income, proper housing, safe drinking water, parks and green spaces, clean air, walkable sidewalks, etc. Because of the importance of the right to urban health and the necessity of collecting and introducing its variables for measurement and presentation, the present study aims to identify and evaluate the right to urban health and its variables. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical research Method. According to the results of the study, a total of 57 variables were identified for urban health. These variables were reduced to 31 at the final stage of selection conducted with interviews using the Delphi method. The results of the analysis of the effects with the FLMICMAC software showed that the variables of proper income, education and information, social justice, social health, rules and policies, cultural health and healthy physical environments were the most influential variables, respectively; whereas the variables of social health, health engagement, social justice, mental health, social capital, security and safety, bodily health, cultural health and healthy physical environments were the most influenced variables of the right to urban health, respectively.

Awareness of citizens' access to urban free spaces at post-earthquake period can be critical for crisis management. Identifying these points at pre-earthquake period can lead to reasonable decision at an unstable and uncertain time of post-earthquake. In the present study, the process of access of citizens of Gorgan to urban free spaces in the post-earthquake period has been evaluated. For this purpose, an Integrated combination of GIS and genetic algorithm have been used. Regarding to the optimal allocation in the GIS environment, two flexible and non-flexible scenarios with and without consideration of road blocking constraints were considered. For this purpose, for the first scenario, 48 pieces of land and for the second scenario, 153 pieces of land were considered as destination points. In solving the allocation problem using the genetic algorithm, six different scenarios with the lowest cost of population transfer from origin points (demographic block centers) to destination points (free spaces) were considered. By accepting the assumption of probabilistic conditions at post-earthquake, the general results of the research show that in the event of an intense earthquake, by according to blocking road in a non-flexible condition, 24% and in a flexible condition, 35% of the population has access to free spaces. This value in the flexible scenario would be 35% and 47% respectively. The results of hub problem solving by genetic algorithm are similar to the flexible scenario without considering the blocking roads.

Marivan city is a notable example; although there are various touristic destinations in Marivan, no effective practices have been done in the area of its brand equity. Regarding, focus on the brand equity of tourism destination is of the most importance. Several ingredients and indices form the brand equity that their impression and correlations are still in doubt in the studied area. Thus, the present paper aims to answer the question of what is the link between the key ingredients of tourism destinations and their impressions. The research is applied research in terms of goal. Therefore, a structural equation modeling (SEM) technique by means of a partial least square orientation was carried out using Smart-PLS to examine the link between the research ingredients. Results show the coefficients of direct effect of perceived quality on brand awareness, brand awareness on loyalty, brand image on loyalty and brand image on awareness was 0.326, 0.326, 0.649 and 0.662, respectively. Moreover, the coefficient of the indirect effect of brand image on loyalty as well as perceived quality on loyalty were 0.215 and 0.106, respectively. With regard to the given structural modeling, the most total effect, 0.864, was found for the brand image. Brand image and perceived quality, with total effect coefficient of 0.326 and 0.864, respectively, directly and indirectly, anticipate 0.92.5 and 0.92.9 (%) of the total variance of brand awareness and loyalty. The effective solutions have been suggested to improve the situation of brand equity at Marivan.

The neighborhoods in the central part of Tabriz are vulnerable to natural and human hazards due to the age and exhaustion of construction materials and narrow, disordered passages due to the lack of infrastructure and urban facilities. This situation has reduced the possibility of aids and crisis management and, eventually, the resiliency of the neighborhoods in times of crisis and emergencies. Therefore, it necessitates the analysis and promotion of the level of resiliency of neighborhoods. This study was conducted using descriptive-analytical method with the aims of recognizing the condition of resiliency of the considered neighborhoods and zoning the resiliency level of the old 24 neighborhoods of the central part of Tabriz in the four-fold dimensions of resiliency and subscale indices of each dimension using the methods of electricity and AHP, and seeking the opinions of experts and relevant specialists in Tabriz central area neighborhoods. The findings and results of the study showed that the physical, social and economic dimensions gained the lowest place respectively among the four dimensions of resiliency measurement. Mansour, Ahrab, Maghsoudiyeh and Daneshsara neighborhoods have the highest resiliency and the neighborhoods of Gajil, Baghshomal, Maralan and Sorkhab have the lowest level of resiliency among the studied 24 neighborhoods.

Resilience is a strategic approach to improving the sustainable capacity of urban development indicators to deal with human and natural disasters. Awareness and adoption of strategic policies for establishing the thinking of improving the capacity and tolerability of these indicators, especially the arterial infrastructure, such as the urban transport arteries with traditional approaches, is nowadays essential and important in cities and especially metropolitan areas population density and consumption density. In this process, the present study, with an “applied-development” approach and a “descriptive-analytic” methodology, analyzes the resilience of the transport infrastructure in the metropolitan city of Ahwaz. For this purpose, 5 explanatory indicators, namely Arterial Network design model, network layout, network confinement degree, network characterization and network consumption density were identified using a targeted sampling Delphi method as the basis for analyzing and evaluating the arterial irradiation Urban transport was used in Ahwaz metropolitan area. To weigh the predictive index of the indicators of five, we use viewpoints of 15 experts that selected as Delphi method. The results of this study indicate that the degree of encoding explanatory propulsion has the most sensitivity for explaining the anomalies in urban transportation in the city of Ahvaz. On the other hand, the spatial analysis of the propulsion system explains three critical points with hot spots in the central, northern, and western parts of the Ahwaz metropolitan area to measure the fluctuation of urban mobility.

One of the topics of interest to urban planners issue "safety planning" cities is that one of the most basic assumptions of the international community for human-centered planning. Reducing vulnerability to natural hazards analysis and critical areas and wide in the sphere of planning and crisis management has become. The need for this study using spatial statistics simulation Bootstrap and COPRAS to the issue of urban vulnerability (VI) in the city of Yazd. The study has a developmental approach – Applications And a combination of research methods (library, athletics and analytical - descriptive). As well as the analysis of data from applications EQS, PLS, Grafer, Excel and GIS have been used. The results show that in the area of the vulnerability of building physical variables - variable frame buildings with an area of 100 to 200 square meters not have any distribution and dispersion. They suggest that the vulnerability of mean index in the urban of Yazd The variables of living in social vulnerability lowest coefficient of dispersion and habitat variables included in the group. The results are weighted in relation to the areas with the use of simulators have gained more confidence. As the city of Yazd using BootStrap gained confidence 95/0. And the results of the three regions COPRAS techniques that amount, respectively, in 0/85, 0/0, and 87/0% As the number two, three and one Vulnerability (SoVI & SBVI) are located.

Today, different approaches and concepts have been proposed to solve the problem of cities, which is livability is one of the concepts discussed in connection with urban planning. The current approach to the present study is based on the applied purpose and based on the descriptive-analytical nature. The sample size has been determined using the Cochran formula of 384 people, which was added to the assurance of a further 10 people. The 5-level Likert spectrum technique was used to explain the effective factors on the livability. The model of structural equations was used to understand the relationship between variables and in order to fit the overall model, the chi-square, GFI, and AGFI indices, and the remaining root mean square (which is one of the most important indicators) was used. In this study, the relationship between independent variable (physical livability index) and dependent variable (economic, social, environmental and social indicators) has been investigated. The physical characteristics of the 15 areas of the city of Isfahan have been considered, so that from the regions, 3 regions and from each region 2 neighborhoods were examined and approximately 65 questionnaires filled in each area. The physical index has an impact on the economic and environmental .the results show that the physical indices have a significant impact on economic viability and that beta is 0.62 significantly related and that the physical index affects environmental impacts and has meaningful relation with beta is 0.32, but this index has an effective role on social, identity and housing.